- Child Birth: Stations of Presentation.

Child Birth: Stations of Presentation.

Station:-
It is the relation of lowermost bony part of the vertex to the ischial spine. or
It is the location of the baby on its descent down into the birth canal.

Negative numbers:- mean the baby is not engaged.
Ppositive numbers:- mean the baby is engaged.

landmark:- is ischial spines which is midway ( ) pelvic inlet and outlet.

* If the baby's head is even with the ischial spines, the station is 0.
* If the baby's head is 1cm above the spines, the station is -1 (2cm above -2 etc).
* If the baby's head is 1cm below the spines (on the way out!), the station is +1 (2cm below +2 etc).

Importance:- Determine whether your baby is close to being born or not.

The next video a certified nurse-midwife Michelle Collins explains Childbirth Stations of Presentation.

Read more �

- Birth of Baby (Vaginal Childbirth) animation.

Birth of Baby (Vaginal Childbirth) animation.

Read more �

- Sperm Motility grading.

Sperm Motility grading.

(Human sperm stained for semen quality testing in the clinical laboratory.)

• Grade 1: sperm are immotile meaning that they fail to move at all.
• Grade 2: sperm are labeled as non-progressive motility because they do not move forward despite the fact that they move their tails.
• Grade 3: sperm (non-linear motility) also move forward but tend to travel in a curved or crooked motion.
• Grade 4: sperm are known to have progressive motility meaning they are the strongest and swim fast in a straight line.

Ideal sperm quality dictates that a man should have grade 3 or 4 sperm in order to fertilize an egg.

 Dr Ibrahim
Return to list of medical grades (click here) 

- Placental diseases.

Placental diseases

A placenta disease is a condition where normal function of the placenta is impaired.

"Cinder" ???? ??? ?????? 

Calcification.

Infection (syphilis and TB).
Infarction (PIH,DM,Lupus erythematosis).

Neoplasms.
Degeneration of placenta:following calcification and infarction.
Erytheroblastosis fetalis.
Retroplacental Heamatoma (abruption placenta).

Dr Ibrahim

- Human Ovulation animation.

Human Ovulation animation.

- Saint's triad.

Saint's triad.

It is a common association of:-

1. Gall stones.
2. Hiatal Hernia
3. Diverticulosis coli.

Dr Ibrahim

Return to other triads here.

- Malignant Mesothelioma.

Malignant Mesothelioma.

Def:-

It is a rare form of cancer that develops from the protective lining that covers many of the body's internal organs,known as the mesothelium.

(CXR demonstrating Mesothelioma of left lower lung)

Sites:-

• Pleura. (is the most common form of the disease, accounting for roughly 70% of cases).
• Peritoneum.
• The pericardium (1).
• The tunica vaginalis.

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